What is the term for an inscription on a tombstone or monument commemorating the deceased?

The term "epitaph" specifically refers to an inscription found on a tombstone or monument that honors and commemorates the person who has died. It often contains a brief message, poem, or phrase reflecting the deceased's life or the sentiments of those left behind. The use of epitaphs dates back to ancient times, and they serve a dual purpose of memorializing the individual and providing a sense of closure for those who visit the gravesite.

In contrast, other options do not carry the same specific meaning. An "inscription" is a broader term that can refer to any written message, not limited to tombstones, while an "obelisk" is a tall, four-sided, narrow tapering monument with a pyramidal top, often associated with commemorative purposes but not necessarily containing text. A "marker" is a general term for any object that denotes a specific location and could refer to a variety of commemorative signs but lacks the emotional and cultural resonance of an epitaph. Therefore, "epitaph" is the precise term that captures the essence of a memorial inscription.