What term is used to describe words or drawings scratched or scribbled on a wall?

The term that is commonly used to describe words or drawings scratched or scribbled on a wall is graffiti. This term encompasses a wide range of street art, including messages, symbols, or artistic designs created on public surfaces. Graffiti has been a form of expression for centuries, often conveying social or political messages, personal declarations, or simply artistic creativity.

In the context of ancient cities like Pompeii and Herculaneum, graffiti provides significant insights into the daily lives, thoughts, and cultures of their inhabitants. Many examples have been preserved, offering glimpses into the social dynamics and popular sentiments of the time.

While "inscription" refers to words or phrases that are carved or engraved, typically in a more formal context, "tagging" often relates specifically to the practice of writing one's name or alias on a surface, usually associated with modern graffiti culture. "Wall art" is a broader term that can refer to various forms of art on walls, but it does not specifically denote the act of scratching or scribbling, which is precisely what graffiti entails.